"beth" meaning in Middle Welsh

See beth in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /beθ/ Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], peth [error-unrecognized-form], beth [soft], peth / pheth [error-unrecognized-form], pheth [error-unrecognized-form]
Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Etymology templates: {{nonlemma}} See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
  1. soft mutation of peth Tags: form-of, mutation-soft Form of: peth
    Sense id: en-beth-wlm-noun-BbjmvNx5 Categories (other): Pages with 6 entries, Pages with entries, Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 6 entries: 2 2 2 6 1 2 2 1 18 2 3 18 1 20 18 1 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 22 2 2 23 1 15 23 1 Disambiguation of Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header: 99 1
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Pronoun

IPA: /beθ/
Etymology: Clipping of pa beth (“which thing”) with the soft mutation of peth (“thing”) after pa (“which”), from Proto-Brythonic *peθ, from Proto-Celtic *kʷezdis. Etymology templates: {{clipping|wlm|pa beth|t=which thing}} Clipping of pa beth (“which thing”), {{der|wlm|cel-bry-pro|*peθ}} Proto-Brythonic *peθ, {{der|wlm|cel-pro|*kʷezdis}} Proto-Celtic *kʷezdis
  1. what?
    Sense id: en-beth-wlm-pron-LMmlmuFO Categories (other): Middle Welsh interrogative pronouns, Middle Welsh pronouns
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "lang_code": "cy",
      "word": "beth"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "pa beth",
        "t": "which thing"
      },
      "expansion": "Clipping of pa beth (“which thing”)",
      "name": "clipping"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*peθ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *peθ",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*kʷezdis"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kʷezdis",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Clipping of pa beth (“which thing”) with the soft mutation of peth (“thing”) after pa (“which”), from Proto-Brythonic *peθ, from Proto-Celtic *kʷezdis.",
  "lang": "Middle Welsh",
  "lang_code": "wlm",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Welsh interrogative pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Welsh pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "what?"
      ],
      "id": "en-beth-wlm-pron-LMmlmuFO",
      "links": [
        [
          "what",
          "what"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/beθ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "beth"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "l-self",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peth",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "beth",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "soft"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peth / pheth",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pheth",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Welsh",
  "lang_code": "wlm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "2 2 2 6 1 2 2 1 18 2 3 18 1 20 18 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "1 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 22 2 2 23 1 15 23 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "99 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "peth"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "soft mutation of peth"
      ],
      "id": "en-beth-wlm-noun-BbjmvNx5",
      "links": [
        [
          "peth",
          "peth#Middle_Welsh"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "mutation-soft"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/beθ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "beth"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle Welsh clippings",
    "Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle Welsh interrogative pronouns",
    "Middle Welsh lemmas",
    "Middle Welsh mutated nouns",
    "Middle Welsh non-lemma forms",
    "Middle Welsh pronouns",
    "Middle Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic",
    "Middle Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "lang_code": "cy",
      "word": "beth"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "pa beth",
        "t": "which thing"
      },
      "expansion": "Clipping of pa beth (“which thing”)",
      "name": "clipping"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "cel-bry-pro",
        "3": "*peθ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic *peθ",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "wlm",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*kʷezdis"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *kʷezdis",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Clipping of pa beth (“which thing”) with the soft mutation of peth (“thing”) after pa (“which”), from Proto-Brythonic *peθ, from Proto-Celtic *kʷezdis.",
  "lang": "Middle Welsh",
  "lang_code": "wlm",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "what?"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "what",
          "what"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/beθ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "beth"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle Welsh mutated nouns",
    "Middle Welsh non-lemma forms",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "l-self",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peth",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "beth",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "soft"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "peth / pheth",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pheth",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Welsh",
  "lang_code": "wlm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle Welsh soft-mutation forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "peth"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "soft mutation of peth"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "peth",
          "peth#Middle_Welsh"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "mutation-soft"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/beθ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "beth"
}

Download raw JSONL data for beth meaning in Middle Welsh (2.4kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: beth/Middle Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
  "path": [
    "beth"
  ],
  "section": "Middle Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "beth",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: beth/Middle Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
  "path": [
    "beth"
  ],
  "section": "Middle Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "beth",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: beth/Middle Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'soft', 'error-unrecognized-form'}",
  "path": [
    "beth"
  ],
  "section": "Middle Welsh",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "beth",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-05-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-05-01 using wiktextract (f69e205 and 9452535). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.